/* Global Variables for Easy Customization (Light/Dark Mode) */
:root {
    /* Light Mode Colors */
    --primary-color: #1E3A8A; /* Deep Blue */
    --secondary-color: #059669; /* Tech Green */
    --accent-color: #FF7F00; /* Orange Accent */
    --background-color: #F3F4F6; /* Light Gray */
    --card-background: #FFFFFF;
    --text-color: #1F2937; /* Dark Gray */
    --light-text-color: #4B5563; /* Medium Gray */
    --border-color: #E5E7EB;
    --hero-overlay-color: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.8); /* Primary color with transparency */

    /* Typography */
    --font-heading: 'Montserrat', sans-serif;
    --font-body: 'Inter', sans-serif;

    /* Spacing */
    --spacing-xs: 0.5rem;
    --spacing-sm: 1rem;
    --spacing-md: 2rem;
    --spacing-lg: 3rem;
    --spacing-xl: 5rem;

    /* Border Radius */
    --border-radius: 8px;

    /* Transitions */
    --transition-speed: 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

/* Dark Mode Overrides */
body.dark-mode {
    --primary-color: #6366F1;
    --secondary-color: #10B981;
    --accent-color: #FBBF24;
    --background-color: #111827;
    --card-background: #1F2937;
    --text-color: #F3F4F6;
    --light-text-color: #D1D5DB;
    --border-color: #374151;
    --hero-overlay-color: rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.8);
}

/* Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--background-color);
    line-height: 1.6;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), color var(--transition-speed);
}
/* This is important for preventing scroll when mobile menu is open */
body.no-scroll {
    overflow: hidden;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
}

h1, h2, h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    line-height: 1.2;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
}

h1 { font-size: 3.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 2.5rem; margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); text-align: center; }
h3 { font-size: 1.8rem; }

p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--light-text-color);
}

a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

ul {
    list-style: none;
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-weight: 500;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all var(--transition-speed);
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    will-change: transform, background-color, color;
}

.btn i {
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

.primary-btn {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.primary-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.secondary-btn {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.secondary-btn:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.btn-sm {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Header & Navigation */
.header {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: 1rem 0;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed);
}

.header .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
}

.logo .checkmark {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-left: 5px;
}

.nav-menu ul {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.nav-menu a {
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-color);
    position: relative;
}

.nav-menu a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 0;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    bottom: -5px;
    left: 0;
    transition: width var(--transition-speed);
}

.nav-menu a:hover::after {
    width: 100%;
}

.header-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
    align-items: center;
}

.theme-toggle, .mobile-nav-toggle {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: color var(--transition-speed), transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.theme-toggle:hover, .mobile-nav-toggle:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* Hide mobile toggle by default on desktop */
.mobile-nav-toggle {
    display: none;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    background-color: var(--background-color);
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    min-height: 80vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.hero-text {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 800px;
}

.hero-text h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 8vw, 4rem);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.hero-text .hero-subtext {
    font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 3.5vw, 1.5rem);
    color: var(--light-text-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-bullets ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
}

.hero-bullets li {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.hero-bullets i {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
}

.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
}

.hero-image {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 300px;
}

.hero-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    transition: border-color var(--transition-speed);
    animation: float 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}

/* Optional: Subtle animation for hero image */
@keyframes float {
    0% { transform: translateY(0px); }
    50% { transform: translateY(-10px); }
    100% { transform: translateY(0px); }
}

/* General Section Styling */
section {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), border-color var(--transition-speed);
}

section:last-of-type {
    border-bottom: none;
}

/* Ensure anchors don't hide under fixed header */
#hero,
#about,
#skills,
#projects,
#demos,
#certifications,
#contact {
    scroll-margin-top: 90px;
}


/* About Me Section */
.about-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    text-align: center;
}

.about-text {
    flex: 2;
    max-width: 800px;
}

.about-text p strong {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.about-visuals {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 400px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed);
    align-items: center;
}

/* --- FIX FOR TIMELINE ITEMS --- */
.timeline-item {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    width: 100%;
}

.timeline-item i {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.timeline-item h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.timeline-item p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--light-text-color);
    max-width: 250px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}
/* --- END FIX FOR TIMELINE ITEMS --- */


/* Skills Section */
.skills-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.skill-column {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.skill-column:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.skill-column h3 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.skill-column h3 i {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.skill-column ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.skill-column li {
    background-color: var(--background-color);
    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), border-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.skill-column li:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Projects Section */
.project-grid {
    /* MODIFIED: Changed to flexbox for centering partial rows */
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center; /* Center items when there are fewer than a full row */
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.project-card {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed), background-color var(--transition-speed);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    
    /* MODIFIED: Base width for mobile (1 item per row) */
    width: 100%; /* Default to full width on smallest screens */
    max-width: 350px; /* Optional: cap maximum width for single item on larger mobile screens */
    flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from growing */
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from shrinking below content */
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.project-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.project-card:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.project-info {
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.project-info h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.project-info p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--light-text-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.project-tech-stack {
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.project-tools, .project-impact {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); /* Increased space below impact text */
}

.project-info .btn {
    margin-top: auto;
}

.private-project .private-badge {
    background-color: #EF4444;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
    vertical-align: middle;
}
.private-project .disabled {
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 0.6;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

/* Automation & Testing Demos */
.demos-grid {
    display: flex; /* MODIFIED: Use flexbox for flexible item arrangement */
    flex-wrap: wrap; /* MODIFIED: Allow items to wrap to the next line */
    justify-content: center; /* MODIFIED: Center items when there are fewer than a full row */
    gap: var(--spacing-md); /* KEPT: Maintains spacing between cards */
}

.demo-item {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed), background-color var(--transition-speed);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    
    /* MODIFIED: Base width for mobile (1 item per row) */
    width: 100%; /* Default to full width on smallest screens */
    max-width: 350px; /* Optional: cap maximum width for single item on larger mobile screens */
    flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from growing */
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from shrinking below content */
}

.demo-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.demo-item h3 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    min-height: 60px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* MODIFIED BLOCK: Styles for the new video thumbnail links (replaces .demo-video) */
.video-thumbnail-link {
    display: block;
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
    background-color: #000;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.video-thumbnail-link img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.video-thumbnail-link:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.play-icon-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.video-thumbnail-link:hover .play-icon-overlay {
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
}

.play-icon-overlay i {
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 3rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
}

.video-thumbnail-link:hover .play-icon-overlay i {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1.1);
}
/* END MODIFIED BLOCK */


.github-link {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.github-link .btn {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* Certifications Section */
.cert-grid {
    /* MODIFIED: Changed to flexbox for centering partial rows */
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center; /* Center items when there are fewer than a full row */
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    /* Default for mobile, 1 column, overridden by media queries */
    /* grid-template-columns: 1fr; -- No longer needed with flexbox */
}

.cert-card {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed), background-color var(--transition-speed);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    
    /* MODIFIED: Base width for mobile (1 item per row) */
    width: 100%; /* Default to full width on smallest screens */
    max-width: 250px; /* Optional: cap maximum width for single item on larger mobile screens */
    flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from growing */
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from shrinking below content */
}

.cert-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.cert-card img {
    max-width: 100px;
    height: auto;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.cert-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-top: 0;
    color: var(--text-color);
    min-height: 45px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.cert-card p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--light-text-color);
}

.cert-link {
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: auto;
}
.cert-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Blog Section (Optional - uncomment in HTML to use) */
.blog-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.blog-post-card {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed), background-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.blog-post-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.blog-post-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 180px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.blog-post-card h3 {
    padding: 1rem 1rem 0;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.blog-post-card p {
    padding: 0 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.blog-post-card .btn {
    margin: 1rem;
}

.blog .view-all-btn {
    display: block;
    width: fit-content;
    margin: var(--spacing-md) auto 0;
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
}

.contact-form-container {
    flex: 2;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 600px;
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.contact-form .form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    text-align: left;
}

.contact-form label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.contact-form input[type="text"],
.contact-form input[type="email"],
.contact-form textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    background-color: var(--background-color);
    font-family: var(--font-body);
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: border-color var(--transition-speed), background-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.contact-form input:focus,
.contact-form textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.2);
}

.contact-form textarea {
    resize: vertical;
}

.contact-info {
    flex: 1;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 400px;
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.contact-info h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.contact-info p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.contact-info p i {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.contact-info a {
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}
.contact-info a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.social-links {
    margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    justify-content: center;
}

.social-links a {
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: color var(--transition-speed), transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.social-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.book-consult-btn {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 300px;
    margin: var(--spacing-md) auto 0;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background-color: var(--card-background);
    color: var(--light-text-color);
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    text-align: center;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), border-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.footer .container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.footer p {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-nav {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-nav a {
    color: var(--light-text-color);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer-nav a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Video Modal Styles */
.video-modal-overlay {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 2000;
    left: 0;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    overflow: auto;
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.9);
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease;
}

.video-modal-overlay.active {
    display: flex;
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.video-modal-content {
    position: relative;
    background-color: transparent;
    padding: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    max-width: 90%;
    width: 800px;
    transform: translateY(-50px);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.video-modal-overlay.active .video-modal-content {
    transform: translateY(0);
    opacity: 1;
}

.video-modal-close {
    color: #fff;
    position: absolute; /* Position absolute relative to .video-modal-content */
    top: -25px; /* Adjusted for clean outside placement */
    right: -25px; /* Adjusted for clean outside placement */
    font-size: 40px;
    font-weight: bold;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 10; /* Ensure it's above the video frame */
    
    opacity: 1; /* Always visible when modal is active */
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease; /* Smooth transitions */
    
    /* NEW: Styles to make the X button a distinct, floating, clickable element */
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.6); /* Default background for visibility */
    border-radius: 50%; /* Make it circular */
    width: 50px; /* Fixed width for the circular button */
    height: 50px; /* Fixed height for the circular button */
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox to center the 'X' inside */
    justify-content: center; /* Center horizontally */
    align-items: center; /* Center vertically */
    line-height: 1; /* Ensure 'X' is perfectly centered */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5); /* Subtle shadow for better visibility */
}

/* Hover state for the close button itself */
.video-modal-close:hover,
.video-modal-close:focus {
    color: var(--accent-color); /* Change color on hover */
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8); /* Darker background on hover */
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 127, 0, 0.7); /* Glow effect on hover */
    text-decoration: none;
}

.video-iframe-container {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%; /* 16:9 Aspect Ratio (9 / 16 * 100) */
    height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #000;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius); /* Rounded corners for the video frame */
}

.video-iframe-container iframe {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

/* MODIFIED: Responsive adjustment for the close button on small screens */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .video-modal-close {
        font-size: 30px; /* Slightly smaller on tiny screens */
        width: 40px; /* Adjust size */
        height: 40px; /* Adjust size */
        top: -15px; /* Adjust positioning for smaller screens */
        right: -15px; /* Adjust positioning for smaller screens */
    }
}


/* ------------------------------------------- */
/* RESPONSIVE DESIGN - MEDIA QUERIES (REVISED) */
/* ------------------------------------------- */

/* Laptop / Desktop adjustments (993px and up) */
@media (min-width: 993px) {
    .hero-content {
        flex-direction: row;
        text-align: left;
    }
    .hero-text {
        text-align: left;
    }
    .hero-bullets ul, .hero-actions {
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }
    .about-content {
        flex-direction: row;
        text-align: left;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
    .about-visuals {
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
    .timeline-item {
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
    }
    .timeline-item h3 {
        text-align: left;
    }
    .timeline-item p {
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-right: 0;
    }
    .contact-content {
        flex-direction: row;
        text-align: left;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
    .contact-info p {
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }
    .book-consult-btn {
        width: auto;
        margin: var(--spacing-md) 0 0 0;
    }

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Desktop-specific project grid layout (3 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .project-grid .project-card {
        width: calc(33.333% - (2 * var(--spacing-md) / 3)); /* Calculate width for 3 items with gaps */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial for fixed width */
        flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial for fixed width */
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Desktop-specific demos grid layout (3 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .demos-grid .demo-item {
        width: calc(33.333% - (2 * var(--spacing-md) / 3)); /* Calculate width for 3 items with gaps */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from growing */
        flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from shrinking below content */
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Desktop-specific cert grid layout (4 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .cert-grid .cert-card {
        width: calc(25% - (3 * var(--spacing-md) / 4)); /* Calculate width for 4 items with gaps */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from growing */
        flex-shrink: 0; /* Crucial to prevent items from shrinking below content */
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */
}


/* Tablets and smaller laptops (max-width: 992px) */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    h1 { font-size: clamp(2rem, 7vw, 3.5rem); }
    h2 { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 6vw, 2.5rem); }
    h3 { font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 5vw, 1.8rem); }

    .container {
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-sm);
    }

    /* Header & Navigation */
    .nav-menu {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        right: -100%;
        width: 70%;
        max-width: 300px;
        height: 100vh;
        background-color: var(--card-background);
        box-shadow: -5px 0 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        padding-top: var(--spacing-xl);
        transition: right var(--transition-speed);
        z-index: 999;
    }

    .nav-menu.active {
        right: 0;
    }

    .nav-menu ul {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: var(--spacing-lg);
        text-align: center;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-menu ul li a {
        padding: 1rem 0;
        display: block;
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    }
    .nav-menu ul li:last-child a {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
    .nav-menu a::after {
        display: none;
    }

    .mobile-nav-toggle {
        display: block;
        font-size: 1.8rem;
        margin-left: var(--spacing-sm);
    }

    .header .container {
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-sm);
    }


    /* General section padding */
    section {
        padding: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
    }

    /* Hero adjustments */
    .hero {
        padding: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
        min-height: auto;
    }
    .hero-text h1 {
        font-size: clamp(2rem, 7vw, 3rem);
    }
    .hero-text .hero-subtext {
        font-size: clamp(1rem, 3.5vw, 1.2rem);
    }
    .hero-image {
        margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
        max-width: 250px;
    }
    .hero-actions .btn {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 280px;
    }

    /* About Me adjustments (content direction handled in default styles) */
    .about-content {
        gap: var(--spacing-md);
    }
    .about-text {
        text-align: center;
    }
    .about-visuals {
        text-align: center;
        padding: var(--spacing-sm);
    }

    /* Skills, Blog grids - minmax adjustment */
    .skills-grid, .blog-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    }
    
    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Tablets-specific project grid layout (2 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .project-grid .project-card {
        width: calc(50% - (var(--spacing-md) / 2)); /* Calculate width for 2 items with gap */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Tablets-specific demos grid layout (2 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .demos-grid .demo-item {
        width: calc(50% - (var(--spacing-md) / 2)); /* Calculate width for 2 items with gap */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Tablets-specific cert grid layout (2 items per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .cert-grid .cert-card {
        width: calc(50% - (var(--spacing-md) / 2)); /* Calculate width for 2 items with gap */
        max-width: none; /* Let the calc handle the width */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */


    /* Contact adjustments */
    .contact-info p {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    .contact-form .form-group {
        text-align: left;
    }
    .book-consult-btn {
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
    }

    /* MODIFIED: Video Modal on smaller screens */
    .video-modal-content {
        max-width: 95%; /* Give a bit more space on very small screens */
    }
}

/* Small mobile devices (max-width: 480px) */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    h1 { font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 8vw, 2.5rem); }
    h2 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 7vw, 2rem); }
    h3 { font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 6vw, 1.4rem); }

    .container {
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-xs);
    }

    .header {
        padding: 0.8rem 0;
    }
    .logo {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    .theme-toggle, .mobile-nav-toggle {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
    .header .container {
        padding: 0 var(--spacing-xs);
    }

    section {
        padding: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
    }

    .hero-text .hero-subtext {
        font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 3.5vw, 1.1rem);
    }
    .hero-bullets li {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    .hero-actions .btn {
        padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    /* Adjust project card image height */
    .project-card img, .video-thumbnail-link {
        height: 160px;
    }
    .project-info h3 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Mobile-specific project grid layout (1 item per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .project-grid .project-card {
        width: 100%; /* Default is 100% on smallest screens */
        max-width: 300px; /* Cap maximum width to match single card ideal size */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Mobile-specific demos grid layout (1 item per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .demos-grid .demo-item {
        width: 100%; /* Default is 100% on smallest screens */
        max-width: 300px; /* Optional: cap maximum width to match single card ideal size */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */

    /* MODIFIED BLOCK: Mobile-specific cert grid layout (1 item per row, fixed width, centered) */
    .cert-grid .cert-card {
        width: 100%; /* Default is 100% on smallest screens */
        max-width: 300px; /* Optional: cap maximum width to match single card ideal size */
        flex-grow: 0;
        flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    /* END MODIFIED BLOCK */


    /* MODIFIED: Video modal close button on very small screens */
    .video-modal-close {
        font-size: 30px;
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
        top: -15px;
        right: -15px;
    }
}

/* Styles for the fade-in effect */
.hidden-section {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.8s ease-out, transform 0.8s ease-out;
}

.hidden-section.fade-in {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}